In 1975, following increasing sectarian tensions, largely boosted by palestinian militant relocation into south lebanon, a fullscale civil war broke out in lebanon. Working as director of beirut magazine annahar until 1975 when civil war forced him to move to paris, maaloufs writing is informed by both the history and trauma of his native country, and the experience of exile. The peace force would separate combatants, punish truce violators, and aid the government in restoring public order, utilities, and protecting military installations. A book s total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book.
The conflict, which lasted 15 years, cost 150,000 lives, injured 300,000, and led to the emigration of almost a million people, brought the lebanese state to near collapse. The 23 best lebanese civil war books, such as lebanon, lebanese blonde, pity. This huge displacement is a result of a number of factors, including the bold divide between those who supported western influences on the countrys political. Sources and additional reading are in comments after reading many books about lebanese history and the civil war in particular, i believe this is the best. The sixteenyear long civil war in lebanon was caused by dissatisfaction over the distribution of political power. The lebanese civil war pitted a coalition of christian groups against the joint forces of the plo, leftwing druze and muslim militias. This is not an authoritative commentary on lebanese history or the lebanese civil war lcw. As of 2012, approximately 76,000 people remain displaced within lebano n.
Michel aoun takes refuge in the french embassy, then chooses exile in paris he was to return as a hezbollah ally in 2005. Young lebanese still shaped by decadesold civil war. Lebanese christians and muslims sub divided to fight each other. The national assembly grants amnesty for all crimes committed during the civil war. The war was about to begin some time due to historical issues surrounding the geopolitics of the place and the internal lebanese issues that involved from the countrys creation to the countrys foreign relations at that time. Between 150,000 and 200,000 people, most of them civilians, are believed to have perished in the war. The lebanese civil war, nonfiction 85 books goodreads. Beirut, lebanon during the lebanese civil war, the beirut national museum almathaf, in arabic stood as a landmark on the dividing line between the citys christiancontrolled east, and. The lebanese conflict there are many explanations of the causes of the lebanese conflict. The spread of christianity in mount lebanon was very slow where paganism persisted in mountaintop strongholds. Lebanese civil war was the war that took place in lebanonball between 1975 and 1990, lasting 15 years and bringing much damage to the country. Four lebanese writers you should know culture trip. Discover delightful childrens books with prime book box, a subscription that delivers new books every 1, 2, or 3 months new customers receive 15% off your.
The army now faces the sla and the israelis in jezzine, just north of the slas socalled security zone. Discover librarianselected research resources on lebanese civil war from the questia online library, including fulltext online books, academic journals. The jordanian magazine 7iber and arablit look back at how civil war shaped the lebanese novel, and recommend 15 great books set just before, during, and after the war. The questions of memory and forgiveness that beit beiruts founders hope to raise are far from abstract in a country that remains divided and without a common understanding of the war. The historiography and the memory of the lebanese civil war. The civil war although it officially ended in 1990 continues to preoccupy novelists, with great new books set during wartime coming out every year. A national institution in a divided society ebook written by oren barak. If you already know about the civil war in lebanon then this book is a wonderful way to get a. A wide variety of weapons were used by the different armies and factions operating in the lebanese civil war. Beirut civil war museum is haunting, but few lebanese want. Books the lebanese civil war in literature culture trip. Under the authority of the lebanese president, 30,000 troops were set in lebanon as a peacekeeping force, designated by the arab league. You should get the israeli book the snow ball translated into arabic. Ethnic and religious division of the lebanese civil war.
With similar conflicts now spreading throughout the middle east, lebanons tragic history can. List of books and articles about lebanese civil war online. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read lebanese army, the. The green line divided beirut during the civil war into east beirut, predominantly christian, and west beirut, predominantly muslim. Memoirs, investigative journalism, history and commentary about the lebanese civil war. Lebanon became embroiled in civil war among the christians, muslims, and palestinians from early 1975 to late 1976. About 1,600 people died during the siege, 4,000 were wounded, and 6,000 role of franjieh. Books this is a guide to informatuion resources about the lebanese civil war. Although well argued and scholarly, alkhazens book can be boxed with. At the request of lebanons president, syrian forces entered lebanon apr.
Saturday marks the 44th anniversary of the lebanese civil war. Corruption, civil war, and the international drug traffic stanford studies in middle eastern and islamic societies and cultures this book by jonathan marshall has a unique approach to the issue of corruption in lebanon. A books total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. October, 1990, marks the official end of the lebanese civil war. The spillover from the syrian civil war and hezbollahs military engagement has magnified the security challenges facing the army, making it a target.
The syrian civil war has strained the lebanese armed forces laf cohesion and threatens its neutrality its most valued assets in a divided society. In their view, the war has continued through other means in the postwar period, and the periodic rounds of violent conflict plaguing lebanon since 1990 are directly related to the civil war. If youre looking for a whowhatwhenwherewhy explainer on the lebanese civil war that you can finish in a couple of weeks, this book is the best youre. It includes information about books, encyclopedias, primary sources and other materials covering different aspects of the war. The question of civil war memory is acute for many lebanese, who have come together in the postwar period to debate the war and create public commemoration. Dominated by competing war lords, this civil war was notable for massacres, treachery, atrocities, kidnapping, assassination, changing alliances of convenience, and invasions. During the lebanese civil war that began in the spring of 1975 between muslims and christians, the camp was decimated in august of 1976 after a 52day siege by christian militiamen aided by syrian troops. Two hundred and fifty thousand dead, one million displaced and 17,000 people still missing. At tremendous cost, the morethan15year lebanese civil war was ended, and the framework for lebanons second republic had been established. Many of his novels are set in historical periods of interest for the middle east of today. What are some good books on the lebanese civil war. Conflict, cohesion and confessionalism in a divided society.
For example, in gardens of light he returns to third century mesopotamia and depicts. Novels including graphic novels, short stories, and poetry set in lebanon during the civil war. Biblical scriptures purport that peter and paul evangelized the phoenicians, whom they affiliated to the ancient patriarchate of antioch. Home this is a guide to informatuion resources about the lebanese civil war. Civil war lebanon became embroiled in civil war among the christians, muslims, and palestinians from early 1975 to late 1976. Lebanese civil war has split beirut on religious lines. Gender and the civil war 1992 a collection of pathbreaking essays exploring how gender shaped the beliefs and the actions of civil war americans. Between the two, a nomansland except for snipers stretched along that line, culminating in downtown beirut, and specifically in matyrs square.
Universities divided even the american university of beirut and the lebanese university, which are both on the west side, opened sections in the east during the. The system favoured christians who fought to eject palestinian armed forces, which sought to use the country as a spring board for attacks into adjacent israel. Civilmilitary relations in lebanon conflict, cohesion. Lebanese civil war, beirut lebanon, red army, historical pictures, cold war, world war two, old pictures, troops, civilization lebanese christian phalangists in the foyer of the holiday inn in beirut, battling with palestinians in the adjacent hotel during the lebanese civil war, in januaryfebruary 1976. List of books and articles about lebanese civil war. Ethnic and religious division led to the festering of feelings of marginalization and discrimination, which boiled over into the lebanese civil war, a war that claimed the lives of 150,000 people szekely. The best civil war books of all time analysis civil. First of all, you should consider reading multiple lebanese civil war books, because each part have a different vision about every single action of this 15 years crisis. Western intervention was repelled by suicidebombing attacks. An estimated 50,000 lebanese were killed and twice that number wounded. About a war documentary recalls the lebanese civil war. Im gonna tell you exactly who emerged as the victors of the lebanese civil war, though this answer might serve as a shock and awe to some lebanese nationals, especially to those who vigorously voice support to one party over another. Abulhusn concentrates instead on the role played by domestic factors in the etiology, dynamism and resolution of lebanons internal war.
880 569 1043 4 156 1035 1081 305 164 741 33 884 1255 251 172 1212 946 912 485 1102 232 742 798 626 1426 433 187 679 15 961 1366